FREE MUSIC THEORY BOOK

Click on the following link to download the book:

MUSIC THEORY FUNDAMENTALS

CLASSICAL PERIOD ACTIVITIES

Download HERE some activities about the Classical period prepared to work in secondary education.

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS FOR KIDS

Some videos to teach the musical instruments in primary school:

Fuente: Babyteacher and KidsLearningVideos

Nuevo e interesante Blog

La belleza de escuchar, un blog que te acerca a la Historia de la música, ayuda a entender conceptos como ritmo o armonía.

Además, hay una variada guía de audición con piezas del repertorio musical clásico.

BOSTON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA RESOURCES

Teaching resources by The Boston Symphony orchestra:

Boston Symphony orchestra

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CARNIVAL OF THE ANIMALS

THE WORLD OF CASTRATI - BAROQUE STYLE

The extraordinary adulation accorded to castrati during the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries is still today one of the most fascinating phenomena in the history of music.

During this golden age of castrato, these male singers endowed with high voices that combined incredible refinement, amazing power and superhuman virtuosity, took the musical world by storm. 

The whole of Europe was overcome by infatuation for these vocal prodigies, who whithin the space of a few years became the main reason foir attendig opera performances.

VIDEO - THE WORLD OF CASTRATI

Today, despite the fact that they are no longer with us, the castrati continue to be the embodiment of that vocal perfection that was so frequently documented by their contemporaries. The evocation of these miruculous voices (which seem to come from another world) both disturbs and at the same time appeals to our modern sensibilities. 

The story of the castrati is both charming and cruel. Charming because it blurs the boundaries between reality and fantasy and cruel because it exposes the intolerable violence that was perpretated in the pursuit of beauty:

"Some die, others acquire a voice more beautiful than that of a woman".

The castration of young singers was first practised in Western Europe in the XVIth century to supply women in some performances as they weren't able to participate in any musical performance. The practise soon became widespread in Italy. The young singers who showed signs of being particulary gifted were operated on before their voices had broken, in order to preserve their child's voice in all its purity.

Castrati had pure voices in which the high notes of a child's voice were supported by exceptionally powerful lungs.

Amongs the hundreds of castrati who were active in Europe between the XVIIth and XIXth centuries, only a handful of the most famous names still resonate today: Farinelli, Carestini, Nicolino, Senesino (Handel's favourite castrato) and Giovanni Manzoli.

The castrati started to dissapear around the end of the XVIIIth century onwards. Domenico Bedini, who sang Sesto in Mozart's "La clemenza di Tito" and Velluti were the last great stars. From about 1830 men with the voices of angels dissapeared from the stage.

This practise has gone for good, as in the XXIst century, there's no way that a practise that goes against the fundamental values of a society could be revived.

PARTS OF THE OPERA

OVERTURE 

It is the first part of an opera. It's like an instrumental introduction. It is performed before the action starts, sometimes with the curtain down.

• Verdi - La Traviata (overture)
• Rossini - William Tell (overture)
• Rossini - El barbero de Sevilla (Obertura)

SUNG PARTS

Sung parts in an opera are the recitatives and the arias:

RECITATIVE
The word 'recitative' comes from 'recite' or 'recitate' (recitar). The recitatives are sung quickly. In fact, it's half spoken half sung. The characters dialogue.

• Monteverdi - Messenger duo (L'Orfeo)
• Mozart - La ci darem la mano (Don Giovanni)
• Mozart - The marriage of Figaro
• Donizetti - Tombi degli avi miei (Lucia di Lamermoor)

ARIAS 
Arias are the most important parts in an opera. Singers show their abilities

• Leocavallo - Vesti la giubba (Il Pagliacci) 
• Puccini  - O mio babbino caro (Gianni Schicchi)
• Donizetti - Una furtiva lagrima (L'elisir d'amore)
• Purcell - Dido's lament

CHORUS 
Sung parts sung by a choir.

• Verdi - Va pensiero (Nabucco)

INSTRUMENTAL PARTS

INTERLUDES and INTERMEZZOS

• Mascagni - Cavalleria rusticana - Intermezzo